4 Types of Commonly Abused Medications

4 Types of Commonly Abused Medications More in Addiction Drug Use Prescription Medications Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery When prescription or over-the-counter medications are taken for non-medical purposes, they can produce serious adverse health effects, including addiction, dependence, overdose, and death. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the number of people who have become addicted to prescription drugs in the United States has risen to epidemic levels. Annual deaths from accidental overdose have increased at an alarming rate, rising from 4,000 to 14,800 per year over a 10-year period. A person can become dependent on medication even when taken as prescribed. The Most Commonly Abused Drugs Which medications are causing an increase in addiction and overdose deaths? Many medications carry the potential for abuse, but the most commonly abused drugs in the United States include opioids, stimulants, depressants (sedatives), dextromethorphan. Opioids Opioids are natural and synthetic compounds that are prescribed mostly for the relief of pain. If taken exactly as prescribed, they can be safe and effective for managing pain in patients with injuries, those who are recovering from surgery, or people with chronic pain. Painkillers  such as hydrocodone (Vicodin), oxycodone (Percocet), morphine, fentanyl, and codeine are the most abused prescription drugs in the U.S. Opioids are usually taken by mouth (orally). Many opioid painkillers, such as a certain formulation of oxycodone (oxycontin), are intended to be time-released drugs. However, if the pills are crushed, the resulting powder can be snorted or injected, causing a rapid release of the drug and a subsequent high. When higher doses of opioid medications than intended are released into the bloodstream, it produces a quicker dependence on the drug. Opioid abuse is extremely dangerous and can lead to overdose or death. Opioid Overdose: What Everyone Should Know The life-threatening consequences of opioids may be increased when they are mixed with other substances. For example, opiates should never be taken with alcohol, antihistamines, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines. Stimulants Stimulants, such as Adderall, Dexedrine, and Ritalin, are usually prescribed to increase alertness, attention, and energy. Stimulants are mainly prescribed for treating ADHD and sleep disorders, and to augment antidepressants. Originally, physicians prescribe stimulants to treat a variety of medical conditions, but their use was greatly curtailed as the potential for abuse and addiction became better known. Changing Opioid Guidelines to Curb Abuse When abused, stimulants are usually taken orally. However, some users will dissolve the pills in water and attempt to inject the mixture. This can potentially cause vascular problems. There are several medical dangers associated with stimulant abuse, which are primarily related to the cardiovascular system. Rapid or irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, and heart damage or failure are just a few examples. There can also be serious psychiatric reactions to stimulant abuse. Stimulants are more dangerous when combined with other prescriptions, such as certain antidepressants. Over-the-counter medications also pose a risk if mixed with stimulantsâ€"especially cold medicines containing decongestants. The mix can cause dangerously high blood pressure and an irregular heartbeat. How Stimulants Work Depressants Another group of drugs adding to the increase of overdose deaths in the United States is sedative-hypnotics; primarily barbiturates and benzodiazepines. Barbiturates, such as Mebaral and Nembutal. This category of medications is used as anesthetics, anti-seizure medications, and was previously used for anxiety and sleep. Given the potential risks of dependency and overdose associated with these drugs, however, their use in sleep and anxiety has generally been supplanted by the benzodiazepines.Benzodiazepines, such as Valium, Xanax, and Klonopin, which are used to treat anxiety, seizures, and sleep. A particular danger of the benzodiazepines is when they are taken along with other drugs that can cause drowsiness, including alcohol, prescription pain medications, or some over-the-counter cold and allergy medications. An overdose of these sedatives can cause unconsciousness, respiratory failure, and death. Why Combining Drugs Increases Sedative Overdose Risk Dextromethorphan (DXM) One of the most commonly abused over-the-counter drugs is cough syrup and caplets that contain dextromethorphan (DXM). Used as directed, these cough remedies are safe and effective, but their potential for abuse is great. Adolescents are especially at risk for abusing OTC cough medicines that contain DXM. DXM can produce mind-altering effects similar to those produced by ketamine and PCP because it affects similar regions of the brain. However, excessive amounts of cough medication must be consumed to achieve these effects. Sometimes, the drug is mixed into a concoction called purple drank. In large doses, DXM can cause nausea and vomiting; increased heart rate and blood pressure, and impaired motor function. In excessive amounts, the drug can produce severe respiratory depression and a lack of oxygen to the brain. Is OTC Cold Medicine Dangerous?

How to Do a Flame Test for Qualitative Analysis

The flame test is used to visually determine the identity of an unknown metal or metalloid ion based on the characteristic color the salt turns the flame of a Bunsen burner. The heat of the flame excites the electrons of the metals ions, causing them to emit visible light. Every element has a signature emission spectrum that can be used to differentiate between one element and another. How to Do the Flame Test Classic Wire Loop MethodFirst, you need a clean wire loop. Platinum or nickel-chromium loops are most common. They may be cleaned by dipping in hydrochloric or nitric acid, followed by rinsing with distilled or deionized water. Test the cleanliness of the loop by inserting it into a gas flame. If a burst of color is produced, the loop is not sufficiently clean. The loop must be cleaned between tests. The clean loop is dipped in either a powder or solution of an ionic (metal) salt. The loop with sample is placed in the clear or blue part of the flame and the resulting color is observed. Wooden Splint or Cotton Swab MethodWooden splints or cotton swabs offer an inexpensive alternative to wire loops. To use wooden splints, soak them overnight in distilled water. Pour out the water and rinse the splints with clean water, being careful to avoid contaminating the water with sodium (as from sweat on your hands). Take a damp splint or cotton swab that has been moistened in water, dip it in the sample to be tested, and wave the splint or swab through the flame. Do not hold the sample in the flame as this would cause the splint or swab to ignite. Use a new splint or swab for each test. How to Interpret Flame Test Results The sample is identified by comparing the observed flame color against known values from a table or chart. RedCarmine to Magenta: Lithium compounds. Masked by barium or sodium.Scarlet or Crimson: Strontium compounds. Masked by barium.Red: Rubidium (unfiltered flame)Yellow-Red: Calcium compounds. Masked by barium. YellowGold: IronIntense Yellow: Sodium compounds, even in trace amounts. A yellow flame is not indicative of sodium unless it persists and is not intensified by an  addition of 1% NaCl to the dry compound. WhiteBright White: MagnesiumWhite-Green: Zinc GreenEmerald: Copper compounds, other than halides. Thallium.Bright Green: BoronBlue-Green: Phosphates, when moistened with H2SO4 or B2O3.Faint Green: Antimony and NH4 compounds.Yellow-Green: Barium, manganese(II), molybdenum. BlueAzure: Lead, selenium, bismuth, cesium, copper(I), CuCl2 and other copper compounds moistened with hydrochloric acid, indium, lead.Light Blue: Arsenic and some of its compounds.Greenish Blue: CuBr2, antimony PurpleViolet: Potassium compounds other than borates, phosphates, and silicates. Masked by sodium or lithium.Lilac to Purple-Red: Potassium, rubidium, and/or cesium in the presence of sodium when viewed through a blue glass. Limitations of the Flame Test The test cannot detect low concentrations of most ions.The brightness of the signal varies from one sample to another. For example, the yellow emission from sodium is much brighter than the red emission from the same amount of lithium.Impurities or contaminants affect the test results. Sodium, in particular, is present in most compounds and will color the flame. Sometimes a blue glass is used to filter out the yellow of sodium.The test cannot differentiate between all elements. Several metals produce the same flame color. Some compounds do not change the color of the flame at all. Because of the limitation, the flame test might be used to rule out the identity of an element in a sample, rather than definitively identify it. Other analytical procedures should be conducted in addition to this test. Flame Test Colors This table lists the expected colors for elements in the flame test. Obviously, the names of the colors are subjective, so the best way to learn to recognize close-colored elements is to test known solutions so you know what to expect. Symbol Element Color As Arsenic Blue B Boron Bright green Ba Barium Pale/Yellowish Green Ca Calcium Orange to red Cs Cesium Blue Cu(I Copper(I) Blue Cu(II) Copper(II) non-halide Green Cu(II) Copper(II) halide Blue-green Fe Iron Gold In Indium Blue K Potassium Lilac to red Li Lithium Magenta to carmine Mg Magnesium Bright white Mn(II) Manganese(II) Yellowish green Mo Molybdenum Yellowish green Na Sodium Intense yellow P Phosphorus Pale bluish green Pb Lead Blue Rb Rubidium Red to purple-red Sb Antimony Pale green Se Selenium Azure blue Sr Strontium Crimson Te Tellurium Pale green Tl Thallium Pure green Zn Zinc Bluish green to whitish green Source Langes Handbook of Chemistry, 8th Edition, Handbook Publishers Inc., 1952.

The Definitive Approach for Professional Development Essay Samples

The Definitive Approach for Professional Development Essay Samples Leadership comes in several ways no matter the position at work stratification in relation to the rank. The available opportunities also significantly helped in the progression of the feasible mechanisms to effectively realize the necessary development plans. Ongoing professional development is the sole method to make sure that you're competent and skilful in your role. The growth of leadership skills is vital since they help to attain both personal and professional success. Planning is essential as it provides a medium for someone to set goals and choose how they will need to be achieved. Everyone else was prepared to begin the meeting on the hour. All About Professional Development Essay Samples The very first thing we should cover is what you may include in the professional development section. More information is probably going to be available about why certain methods are somewhat more powerful than o thers. If you're looking for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. A great access of information also provides a great chance to enhance my academic and expert performance. The personal development program is quite significant in enabling the tracking of developmental changes that are essential for the achievement of set goals. Most careers require that the individual has specific understanding, education, or a particular degree once it comes to furthering or advancing in their career. A promotion will normally be a long-lasting goal that you're able to work towards overtime. Remember, it is a very long journey of up and downs. A career is just one of the most essential things in your life, and with the properly planned career and career targets, you'll be in a position to achieve what you would like from your career in the most effective way possible. When you set goals, you own a path for your trip. To keep from veering off track, it's helpful to prepare career objectives. Using Professional Development Essay Samples There hasn't been any significant difference in my performance, which isn't satisfactory. At first, the achievement of certain expert expertise is the desire of the majority of professionals. Moreover, it's also a means to make sure that the expert placement experience time is effectively managed by planning about what to do and what things to reach. In the example of communication or customer care, training and continuous appraisal will be done in order to guarantee effectiveness. As professionals, acquiring a goal makes it poss ible for us to come to work each day with a very clear purpose in mind. You might not be too fond of some individuals, but it's still true that you will need to understand how to set your own personal differences aside. Rather than waiting for individuals to apply for jobs, very good organizations are always watching for high-caliber folks. In the same manner, organizations always have the urge for increasing the caliber of the creation and also competitively positioned on the market. Today, the part of leaders is extremely critical for the successful performance of various organizations. Personal learning activities like spending more time in the library conducting research on some essential facets of my professional field will likewise be considered. An expert development section can actually help you distinguish yourself from the competition. As a working professional, there are lots of tactics to broaden your knowledge, including enrolling in many courses, attending work shops and training programs, getting certificates, and much more.

Landscapes from the Age of Impressionism Free Essays

Born in Florence, Italy having American parents, the most flourishing portrait painter during his time John Singer Sargent becomes a part of an exhibition at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, through his eye-catching landscapes and masterpieces. During his time, the world of art is dominated by Cubism, Fauvism and Impressionism. However, John Sargent accomplished his masterpieces through his own form of Realism. We will write a custom essay sample on Landscapes from the Age of Impressionism or any similar topic only for you Order Now His skills, as well as his form, were honed under the tutelage of Emile Auguste Carolus-Duran in Paris from 1874 to 1878, after studying rigorously in both Italy and Germany. John Sargent’s paternal grandfather was a Spanish descent and he carefully studied the paintings in the Prado during an extended residency in Madrid from 1866 to 1868 (Boone, 117). Constantly the internationalist, John Sargent journeyed by train from Paris to Madrid, and he was in the Prado by October 14, and the several of copies that he completed, such as the painting of a dwarf then credited to Velasquez and a detail of Velasquez’s â€Å"Las bilanderas† in 1879, recommends or advocates a stay of just more than one month. Sargent also has several collections of photographs after Velasquez’, â€Å"Don Antonio el ingles† and â€Å"Las Bilanderas†. In addition to this, he also had â€Å"The Surrender of Breda†, â€Å"the Forge of Vulcan† and â€Å"Las meninas†, which he stored or set aside in a scrapbook. These photographs served as souvenirs from his trip as well as reference material for his study of art history, and motivation for fresh works of art (Boone, 280). John Singer Sargent is fond of life. John Sargent finds the the people portrayed rather than the setting to be exotic. His love for life, as well as being a painter, can be observed in some of his masterpieces such as in â€Å"Dolce Far Niente† and â€Å"The Sketchers†. â€Å"The Sketchers† (1856-1925) is John Sargent’s 22 by 28 inches masterpiece which uses oil on canvas as medium. The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts was able to acquire this artwork through the help of Arthur and Margaret Glasgow Fund, in the year 1958. In â€Å"The Sketchers†, there is an interplay of light and dark or chiaroscuro which can be instantly recognized. The left side of the painting shows scuro (dark), while the right side shows chiaro (light). The chiaro can be observed through the shadows and darker shade or hue of colors used through the trees and on the left side of the white umbrella. In addition to this, the background â€Å"sky† on the left side is darker as compared to that on the left side. These darker shades or shadows are results of the light from a source which can be observed to be coming from the right side of the painting. How to cite Landscapes from the Age of Impressionism, Papers

Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Tourism Essay Example

Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Tourism Essay TITLE: Problems and prospects of Tourism Industry in Bangladesh. INTRODUCTION Tourism has become a very important and dynamic sector both in the world economy and particularly in Bangladesh. Its growth affects not only the activities directly linked to tourism but also other sectors. Tourism is already an important sector in some developing countries and will become so for others. Developing countries like ours have been fast growing in tourism industry terms in the world over the last Decade. Bangladesh is a developing country in Asia, holding high potentiality for tourism. Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation (BPC) plays an important role for the development of tourism. For a long time, Bangladesh has been an attractive destination for tourists. But at present, its position is not significant in terms of the international tourism market. The overall objective of this research will be to identify the issues and challenges in tourism marketing facing Bangladesh. We will identify the problems and prospects of Tourism industry in Bangladesh. PROBLEM FORMULATION Bangladesh has potentials to develop tourism as a growing industry. Developing countries have some common characteristics, such as extreme poverty and widespread conflict (including civil war and ethnic clashes), extensive political corruption, lack of political and social stability, human resource weakness (human assets index, nutrition, health, education and adult literacy), and economic vulnerability. Amongst these problems how can we bring out the best in the country is our issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Tourism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Prospects of Bangladeshi Tourism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This research will focus on the problems and prospects of tourism in our country. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES †¢To identify the problems of our tourism industries. †¢To define the government contribution in development of tourism sector. †¢To know the private organizations’ contribution in development this tourism sector. †¢To forecast the government contribution. †¢To identify the future prospect of tourism industries of Bangladesh. †¢To identify the current state of affairs regarding tourism industry in Bangladesh. †¢To gather some knowledge about the tourism policy. To gather some knowledge tourism projects and spots of Bangladesh. †¢To have some knowledge about the problems that are emerging in the tourism sector †¢To know about the current problems as well as future problems that might take place in the tourism sector. †¢To identify the variability of tourist attraction in Bangladesh. †¢To identify potential strategies that c an contribute to increasing the competitiveness of Bangladesh tourism. †¢To analyse issues in tourism marketing in Bangladesh. †¢To identify development trends in Bangladesh tourism.

Dead Man Walikng essays

Dead Man Walikng essays In Tim Robbins Dead Man Walking we are introduced to a caring nun, Sister Helen Prejean, who receives a desperate letter from a death row inmate, Matthew Ponsulate, trying to find help to avoid execution for murder. The audience becomes enveloped in their story as we are shown, over the course of the time until the convict's death, the troubling issues and emotions with which Sister Prejean is faced. She becomes empathetic and agrees to become this mans spiritual advisor until the day of his execution. As the days continue to count down, we join the characters in their desperate attempt to receive a stay of execution from the court. Throughout their struggle we also become aware of discontent coming from the parents of the victims. They are absolutely outraged at the idea that a nun would be protecting such a monster. Despite their views, she continues to reach out to Matthew and assist him on his way to salvation. In the end, she must decide how she will deal with the paradox of car ing for the condemned man while at the same time understanding the hideousness of his crimes. The characters and setting of this play were among some of the most unique I have seen in onstage performances. The simplicity of the props and background is what I feel made it so interesting. They allowed the audience to more intensely focus on the characters and the action of the play without being too distracted by fancy backdrops or extravagant lighting. There was also a fantastic use of film throughout the production. On the prison-like backdrops, scenes were flashed from the brutal crime, gradually revealing the truth about the events that had occurred. This gave the audience an omniscient role in the play. The characters themselves, I thought, were portrayed in a manner such that one could truly connect with their feelings and intentions. In the case of Sister Prejean, the audience could easily recognize that she had nothing but the best of ...

Why Write a Follow Up Email After Sending Resume

Why Write a Follow Up Email After Sending Resume Writing resumes is often a huge, anxiety-ridden feat. You need to follow certain rules to complete a resume. But dont worry you can always ask our experts to write your resume. After sending resumes, most people want to sit back and relax, considering their part of the job hunt over. However, theres an important step after youve sent out your resume. Ignoring it may cause you to miss some opportunities. Sending a follow-up email can make the crucial difference between getting a call for an interview or getting left in the discard pile. A follow-up email accomplishes a lot of things: It ensures that your email wasnt lost and/or that your resume made it into the right hands. It shows that you have initiative and that youre really interested in the position. Even if the hiring manager already looked through your resume, sending a follow-up email will cause them to pay special attention to it. When sending out your follow-up email, bear the following tips in mind: Send a Message to Your Contact If you happen to have a contact within the company you applied to, go ahead and send them a message letting them know that you sent your resume but havent had a response yet. They may be able to give you an insiders scoop on why not. It could be that the hiring manager is on vacation or the company is in the middle of a major overhaul. Or this may just be standard for them to take a long time before replying. Any heads up you can get from your contact will help you relax a little bit while you wait for a reply. Send a Message to Human Resources If you dont have a contact and you sent your resume blind, then you should do some research to find out who the companys human resources head is and shoot them an email about your resume. Sending an email directly to them will make you stand out from the crowd who didnt put the time or effort into finding out who would be hiring them. Be Brief Your message should be around 100 words. Dont ramble or bring up non-relevant topics. Be professional. Introduce yourself by including your full name and job title. Then include your reason for writing: I sent my resume to your company on December 5th and would like to make sure that it was received. Restate Your Skills and Experiences Go ahead and summarize your resumes highlights. This will help trigger their memory if they did read your resume and hopefully spark their interest in reading it if they havent. I have a Masters in Fine Arts and worked for five years as director of the Museum of Modern Art in San Francisco. Ive recently relocated to New York and am seeking a position at your museum. Thank Them for Their Time Showing some courtesy goes a long way. A lot of hiring managers are busy and its a drag to read resumes and check references so make sure you tell them: Thank you for taking the time to consider my resume. Re-attach Your Resume If, for some reason, your resume got lost in cyberspace or if they havent gotten around to reading it yet, make it easy for them. You can also benefit from such a situation because you will have one more chance to check if everything is good with your resume. You can even strengthen your resume by adding good adjectives for resume that you can find on our blog. Go ahead and re-attach your resume so they can have it at their fingertips after reading your email. That way they dont have to go digging around through their email to find it. If after looking through your resume, youve found out that it should be rewritten, follow these 8 steps to writing a magnetic resume. Send Another Email After Two Weeks If you havent heard back from them after two more weeks, go ahead and shoot off another email. Follow the same protocol as above, only this time its not necessary to re-attach your resume. And Another Two Weeks Later Try one more time, and if you dont hear back after that, you might have to accept that you struck out on this one. At least then you can start to focus your energy on other companies and will hopefully have earned some other interviews by then. Have any resume tricks up your sleeve? Wed appreciate your comments and suggestions!